The aim of the natural sciences is to discover the laws that rule the world (Büchel, 1992). The focus lies hereby on the natural and not on the social world, although the differentiation is not always simple. There are historically three core areas of the natural sciences: chemistry, biology and physics. Nevertheless this is not a final list of research areas, since many other disciplines were later born out of these. As more knowledge is created, more specific questions arise. This leads to the fact that early natural scientists were generalists from today’s perspective, and later specialized in newly emerging disciplines such as astronomy in the beginning, different engineering disciplines later, and rather recently (i.e. in the last century) created fields such as robotics or bionics.
4.5 What are Oil Sands vs. Oil Shales? Petroleum Geology Oil sands, also called tar sands, are usually mixtures of clay and sand combined with water and varying amounts of a black, highly viscous tar known as bitumen. The term …
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4.3 Petroleum Geology: How Does Oil Form? Formation of Oil and Natural Gas Petroleum and natural gas are found in similar environments and frequently occur together. These hydrocarbons consist of various compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbon, mixed together. They …
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4.4 Petroleum Geology: How is Oil Trapped Underground? How are Oil Traps Formed? A geologic environment that allows for economically significant amounts of oil and gas to accumulate underground is termed an oil trap. Several geologic structures may act as …
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4.2 What is Clean Coal? Coal is Solar Energy Stored by Plants Millions of Years Ago. We now have the Technology to “Clean” It. Unless large new petroleum reserves are discovered, a greater share of our future needs will have …
Geology 4.1: Renewable Resources and Non-Renewable Resources Materials that we extract from Earth are the basis of modern civilization. Mineral and energy resources from the crust are the raw materials from which the products used by society are made. Like …
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